Department of Science and Technology
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and
Astronomical Services Administration
Astronomical Diary
Calendar of Astronomical Events NOVEMBER 2025
Date Event Time
02 Close approach of the Moon and Saturn 04:01 p.m.
02 Conjunction of the Moon and Saturn 06:57 p.m.
04 Mercury at dichotomy 11:16 a.m.
05 Perigean Full Moon 09:19 p.m.
06 Moon at Perigee (Distance = 356,943.462 km) 06:27 a.m.
10 Conjunction of the Waning Gibbous Moon and Jupiter 03:55 p.m.
10 Close approach of the Waning Gibbous Moon and Jupiter 05:31 p.m.
12 Northern Taurid meteor shower (ZHR = 5) ---
17 Leonid meteor shower (ZHR = 15) ---
20 Moon at Apogee (Distance = 406,655.491 km) 10:48 a.m.
20 Close approach of the Moon and Saturn 12:12 a.m.
30 Conjunction of the Moon and Saturn 03:19 a.m.
Moon Phases
Full Moon
Nov 05 09:19 PM
Last Quarter
Nov 12 01:28 PM
New Moon
Nov 20 02:47 PM
First Quarter
Nov 28 02:59 PM
Rise and Set Times of Planets
Date Mercury Venus Mars Jupiter Saturn
Rise Set Rise Set Rise Set Rise Set Rise Set
Nov 01 07:36 am 06:49 pm 04:45 am 04:34 pm 07:14 am 06:35 pm 10:34 pm 11:27 am* 03:03 pm 03:02 am*
Nov 11 07:16 am 06:27 pm 04:58 am 04:37 pm 07:06 am 06:23 pm 09:55 pm 10:48 am* 02:22 pm 02:21 am*
Nov 21 05:55 am 05:15 pm 05:12 am 04:42 pm 06:59 am 06:13 pm 09:15 pm 10:08 am* 01:42 pm 01:40 am*
Nov 30 04:50 am 04:20 pm 05:25 am 04:49 pm 06:53 am 06:06 pm 08:38 pm 09:31 am* 01:07 pm 01:05 am*

* = following day

Stars and Constellation

As November unfolds, the night sky offers a captivating array of constellations, each with its own celestial story. In the northern hemisphere, Cassiopeia, Andromeda, and Pisces shine brightly, while in the southern
skies, Cetus, Sculptor, Phoenix, and Tucana emerge as key features. These prominent constellations will be visible directly overhead at 09:00 p.m. on 15 November 2025, as shown in Figure 1. [1]
fig1
Figure 1: The view of the night sky featuring the prominent November constellations at 09:00 p.m. on 15 November 2025 using the Stellarium software.

With its ancient roots and vast expanse, Andromeda is a constellation rich in both celestial phenomena and the mythology of its namesake, the legendary Greek princess. It hosts some prominent stars, including Alpheratz, its brightest star shining at magnitude 2.06, which is a binary system consisting of two hot blue stars. Another standout star is Almach being a striking double star system, featuring a golden primary and a blue-green companion. The most outstanding feature of Andromeda is the Andromeda Galaxy (M31), the closest spiral galaxy to the MilkyWay and one of the few visible to the naked eye. Beyond M31, the constellation also contains several other remarkable deep-sky objects, such as the vast stellar nursery, NGC 206; the edge-on spiral galaxy, NGC 891; the interacting pair NGC 90 and NGC 93; and NGC 7662 [Figure 2a], the Blue Snowball Nebula. [2,3]

Known for its distinctive “W” or “M” pattern, Cassiopeia is one of the most recognizable constellations in the night sky. Its five bright stars—Segin (Epsilon Cassiopeiae), Ruchbah (Delta Cassiopeiae), Gamma Cassiopeiae, Schedar (Alpha Cassiopeiae), and Caph (Beta Cassiopeiae)—trace its elegant outline. The orange giant Schedar, shining at magnitude 2.2, usually reigns as the constellation’s brightest star, but it is occasionally outshone by Gamma Cassiopeiae, an eruptive variable star that can flare to magnitude 1.6. More than just its bright stars, Cassiopeia boasts a wealth of celestial treasures, including the supernova remnants Cassiopeia A [Figure 2b] —one of the sky’s strongest radio sources—and Tycho’s Supernova, observed by Tycho Brahe in 1572. Other notable deep-sky objects include the Bubble Nebula (NGC 7635) [Figure 2c], the Pacman Nebula (NGC 281), and the Heart (IC 1805) and Soul (IC 1848) Nebulae, a striking pair of neighboring star-forming regions. [2,4,5]
fig2
Figure 2: The Northern Constellations

Sculptor is a subtle yet fascinating constellation often overlooked by casual stargazers. None of Sculptor’s stars exceed magnitude 4.0 in brightness, with its brightest member, Alpha Sculptoris, being a variable blue-white giant of magnitude 4.3. Though it lacks bright stars, Sculptor holds great importance for astronomers due to its richness in galaxies, among them is the Sculptor Galaxy (NGC 253) [Figure 3a] —one of the brightest in the sky, also called the Silver Coin or Silver Dollar Galaxy. Also notable are the Cartwheel Galaxy (PGC 2248) [Figure 3b], an unusual lenticular galaxy; the Sculptor Dwarf Galaxy (PGC 3589), a spheroidal satellite of the Milky Way; and NGC 134, a barred spiral galaxy, referred to as the Giant Squid Galaxy. [2,6]

The Phoenix constellation is a relatively small but notable constellation in the southern sky, named after the mythical firebird that rises from its ashes to symbolize rebirth and immortality. At the core of Phoenix shines Ankaa (Alpha Phoenicis), its brightest star. Glowing with an apparent magnitude of 2.377, Ankaa is an orange giant star located approximately 85 light-years from Earth. Although the Phoenix constellation is rather small and faint, it contains several noteworthy deep-sky objects that attract the interest of astronomers and astrophotographers alike. These celestial marvels include the galaxy clusters Phoenix Cluster (discovered in 2010) [Figure 3c] and El Gordo (in 2019)—two of the most massive deep-sky objects in the observable universe.
fig3
Figure 3: The Southern Constellations

El Gordo, with a mass of roughly 3 quadrillion Suns, is composed of two merging subclusters, whereas the Phoenix Cluster boasts a central galaxy of about 3 trillion stars, vastly outshining the Milky Way’s 200 billion. [2,7]

Planetary Location

Saturn continues to reign as the most striking evening planet this November, gleaming steadily after sunset and reaching its best visibility when it climbs higher in the night sky. Jupiter follows later, shining brightly before dawn. Venus graces the eastern dawn early in the month but gradually fades into the Sun’s glare as the weeks progress. Meanwhile, Mercury and Mars make brief appearances low in the western horizon after sunset in the beginning towards the middle of the month; however, by late November, Mercury emerges to the pre-dawn sky while Mars disappears completely from view. On 04 November, at 11:16 a.m., Mercury will reach half phase, referred to as dichotomy. [8,9]

On 02 November, at 04:01 p.m., the Moon and Saturn will approach one another closely, with a separation of 3°13’. This will be followed by their conjunction at 06:57 p.m., when the Moon will be positioned 3°40’ to the north of Saturn. The Moon shines brightly among the background stars of Pisces at a magnitude of -12.6, while Saturn, located in the constellation Aquarius, shines at a magnitude of 0.7. The exact timing of their conjunction is visible in the night sky as shown in Figure 4. [8,10,11]
fig4
Figure 4: The view of the night sky showing the conjunction of the Moon and Saturn on 02 November at 06:57 p.m. using Stellarium.

On 10 November, at 03:55 p.m., the Waning Gibbous Moon will pass 3°57’ to the north of Jupiter as both share the same right ascension. The two celestial bodies will come very close to each other at 05:31 p.m., with only 3°50’ between them. Both objects lie in the constellation Gemini. Although the conjunction will occur when the two remain below the horizon, observers will be able to view their close pairing in the early morning sky, with the best visibility starting at 02:00 a.m., when they will be positioned high above the eastern horizon [Figure 5]. [8,12,13]
fig5
Figure 5: The view of the eastern sky showing the close pairing of the Moon and Jupiter on 01 November at 02:00 a.m. using Stellarium.

On 30 November, at 12:12 a.m., the 9-day-old Moon and Saturn will make their close approach, with a separation of 3°18’, marking their appulse. The two objects will align again at 03:19 a.m., with the Moon passing 3°45’ to the north of Saturn, sharing the same right ascension. However, as these events occur after both objects have already set below the horizon, their close pairing will become visible starting at 06:00 p.m. on 29 November, until they dip below the western sky [Figure 6]. [8,14,15]
fig6
Figure 6: The view of the night sky showing the close pairing of the Moon and Saturn on 30 November at 06:00 p.m. using Stellarium.

All the conjunctions and near approaches mentioned between the planet and the moon, or planet to planet, will be visible enough to fit within the field of view of a telescope and can also be viewed with the naked eye or using a pair of binoculars.

Full Moon at Perigee

The Full Moon at Perigee, also referred to as the Supermoon, will occur on 05 November 2025. This particular Supermoon is also known as the Beaver Moon, as noted by the Old Farmer’s Almanac, as it coincides with the time when beavers retreat to their lodges, having stored enough food for winter. During the North American fur trade, it also marked the season for trapping beavers for their thick winter pelts. [16]

In astronomical terms, a Supermoon occurs when the full moon nearly coincides with perigee—the point in the moon’s elliptical orbit when it is closest to Earth. This proximity makes the lunar disk appear noticeably larger and brighter than usual when viewed from Earth. On 05 November 2025, the moon will be 356,978.287 km away from Earth, making it the closest full moon of the year. During this event, the moon may appear up to 7% larger and 15% brighter than an average full moon. [8,17]

Meteor Shower

The Northern Taurid meteor shower, occurring annually between 20 October and 10 December, provides favorable conditions for observation, with peak activity expected around 12 November. As one of the two branches of the Taurid complex—alongside the Southern Taurids—this meteor shower also traces its origin to debris ejected by Comet 2P/Encke. Compared to more active meteor showers, this one has a modest rate of roughly five (5) meteors per hour in ideal viewing conditions. Originating in the constellation Taurus, the meteor shower becomes observable once its radiant ascends above the eastern horizon at around 05:57 p.m., remaining visible until daybreak at about 05:30 a.m. Observation is most favorable around midnight [Figure 7], when the radiant of the Northern Taurids is prominently positioned above the horizon and sky conditions are darkest. During the shower’s peak, the Moon in Leo, nearing its last quarter phase, will provide minimal light, allowing the meteors to shine more prominently against the dark sky. [18,19]
fig7
Figure 7: The view of the northern sky during the peak of the Northern Taurid meteor shower on 12 November 2025 at 12:00 a.m., when the shower’s radiant is represented by the green solid circle.

Occurring every year from 06 to 30 November, the Leonid meteor shower is a highlight of the November night sky, with maximum activity expected on 17 November. With favorable skies, the Leonid meteor shower yields an average of 15 meteors per hour, resulting from debris left behind by Comet 55P/Tempel–Tuttle. The Leonids, which radiates from the constellation Leo, can be observed starting around 11:52 p.m. when its radiant point rises above the eastern horizon and lasting until dawn at about 05:32 a.m. Culminating between 05:00 a.m. and 06:00 a.m. [Figure 8], the radiant point attains its greatest altitude shortly before dawn, making this period the most favorable for viewing the shower. With the peak occurring close to the new moon, moonlight will present minimal interference, providing ideal conditions for meteor observation. [20]
fig8
Figure 8: The view of the northeastern sky during the peak of the Leonid meteor shower on 17 November 2025 at 05:00 a.m., when the shower’s radiant is represented by the green solid circle.

Meteor showers are observable with the naked eye, and no special equipment such as telescopes or binoculars is needed. Maximize the viewing experience by choosing a dark observation site away from the city lights under clear and moonless sky conditions.

Watch: Astronomical Events for November 2025

Notes and References

Notes:
*following day
• All times displayed are in Philippine Standard Time (PhST)

References:
[1] PAGASA Special Publication No. 840; The Philippine Star Atlas 2019/Stellarium Software
[2] C. Guide, “Constellations: A Guide to the Night Sky.” https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellations-by-month/november-constellations/, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[3] Go Astronomy, “ANDROMEDA CONSTELLATION” https://www.go-astronomy.com/constellations.php?Name=Andromeda, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[4] Go Astronomy, “CASSIOPEIA CONSTELLATION” https://www.go-astronomy.com/constellations.php?Name=Cassiopeia, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[5] The Constellation Directory, “Cassiopeia” http://www.constellationdirectory.org/constellations/cassiopeia.html, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[6] Go Astronomy, “SCULPTOR CONSTELLATION” https://www.go-astronomy.com/constellations.php?Name=Sculptor, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[7] Go Astronomy, “PHOENIX CONSTELLATION” https://www.go-astronomy.com/constellations.php?Name=Phoenix, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[8] Multi-Interactive Computer Almanac (MICA), Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[9] D. Ford, “In-The-Sky.org Guide to the night sky: “Mercury at dichotomy” https://in-the-sky.org/news.php?id=20251104_11_100, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[10] D. Ford, “In-The-Sky.org Guide to the night sky: “Close approach of the Moon and Saturn” https://in-the-sky.org/news.php?id=20251102_15_100, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[11] D. Ford, “In-The-Sky.org Guide to the night sky: “Conjunction of the Moon and Saturn” https://in-the-sky.org/news.php?id=20251102_20_100, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[12] D. Ford, “In-The-Sky.org Guide to the night sky: “Conjunction of the Moon and Jupiter” https://in-the-sky.org/news.php?id=20251110_20_100, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[13] D. Ford, “In-The-Sky.org Guide to the night sky: “Close approach of the Moon and Jupiter” https://in-the-sky.org/news.php?id=20251110_15_100, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[14] D. Ford, “In-The-Sky.org Guide to the night sky: “Close approach of the Moon and Saturn” https://in-the-sky.org/news.php?id=20251129_15_100, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[15] D. Ford, “In-The-Sky.org Guide to the night sky: “Conjunction of the Moon and Saturn” https://in-the-sky.org/news.php?id=20251129_20_100, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[16] The Old Farmer’s Almanac: “Beaver Moon: Full Supermoon in November 2025” https://www.almanac.com/full-moon-november, Last accessed on 2025-10-23, 2025.
[17] BBC Sky at Night Magazine: “Supermoons explained and how to see them” https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/space-science/supermoon-what-when-next, Last accessed on 2025-10-23, 2025.
[18] D. Ford, “In-The-Sky.org Guide to the night sky: “Northern Taurid meteor shower 2025” https://in-the-sky.org/news.php?id=20251112_10_100, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[19] American Meteor Society, “Meteor Shower Calendar 2025-2026” https://www.amsmeteors.org/meteor-showers/meteor-shower-calendar/#Northern+Taurids, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.
[20] D. Ford, “In-The-Sky.org Guide to the night sky: “Leonid meteor shower 2025” https://in-the-sky.org/news.php?id=20251117_10_100, Last accessed on 2025-10-22, 2025.

For more information, call or email:

Ms. Ma. Rosario C. Ramos
Chief, SSAS - RDTD
PAGASA - DOST
Diliman, Quezon City
Trunkline: 8284-0800 loc 3015, 3016, 3017
Email address: astronomy@pagasa.dost.gov.ph

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